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The modems have LTE parameters LTE connection. To determine the quality of the signal, note the following fields: — Signal strength — RSRP — RSRQ — SINR — CQI The following table shows the different values of these parameters, which correspond to very poor (Cell Edge), bad (Mid Cell), good (good) and very good (Excellent) the signal quality of the LTE: Next, briefly explain each parameter, which determines the quality of the LTE signal. The power of the signal The signal power shows the level of the received modem signal LTE. These values correspond to the readings of RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) of the LTE connection. The value is measured in dBm (dBm). Usually routers have indicators if it means burning the maximum -90 dBm or higher (tends to zero). If any indicator is not lit, then the signal level is insufficient for the connection to the LTE network. When the values of RSRP= -120 dBm and below, the LTE connection may be unstable or not installed. RSRP RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) is the average value of the power taken by the pilot signal (Reference Signal) or the level of the received signal from the Base Station(BS) The RSRP value is measured in dBm (dBm). The signal strength of the LTE modem can also be defined using the SIGNAL STRENGTH indicators on the top panel of the device. The maximum level correspond to three burning indicator. If any indicator is not lit, then the signal level is insufficient for the connection to the LTE network. When the values of RSRP= -120 dBm and below, the LTE connection may be unstable or not installed. RSRQ RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality) determines the quality of received pilot signals. The value of RSRQ is measured in dB (dB). SINR SINR (Signal to Interference + Noise Ratio), also known as CINR (Carrier to Interference + Noise Ratio) – the ratio of the level of useful signal to noise level (or signal/noise). The value of SINR is measured in dB (dB). It's simple: the higher the value, the better the signal quality. When the values of SINR below 0, the connection speed will be very low, because this means that the received signal noise more than the useful part, while the probability of loss of the LTE connection also exists. CQI CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) For each subscriber station UE (User Equipment) and each frequency carrier block formed quality indicators channel CQI (Channel Quality Indicator). Depending on the required for UE speed data transmission the base station, the decision on the number of resource blocks allocated to a particular user, and what frequency blocks to allocate to the user depends on the indicator CQI. Users are allocated to those resource blocks that have the highest CQI, and therefore, the best ratio signal/noise. This parameter can take values from 0 to 15. The higher the value, the better (the higher the speed that can be allocated by the base station operator LTE). The most important first column — the value of RSRP. For example, we got to the target BS, the average is about -90 dBi. When determining the direction on the BS used a Yagi antenna with gain (KU) 12 dBi. Antenna cable, length 5 m "eats" on the attenuation of about 1.5 dBi, add about the same number of losses at the connectors — a total of 3 dBi. Accordingly, the default level of the signal at this location: -90 - 12 + 2x1. 5 = -99 dBi. As a result of the installation of the new antenna, we need guaranteed to get at least the second row of the table, in the interval from -90 to -80. Ideally, more than -80, the first line. If we keep the same cable, you need a antenna with KU at least 18dBi, better 20dBi (don't forget about the weather and the natural "swimming" signal). The output will be if not the first row, then close to it: -99 + 20 — 2x1. 5 = -82 dBi. The result can be considered very good: provided that the indicators RSRQ and RSRP SINR vary in proportion to (and usually do), we "pull out" of the connectome at least 80% of what he can give. Assume that the maximum supported rate on the BS 30 Mbit/s. Received 30 * 0,8 = 24 Mbps. We are interested in two parameters: RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) level of the received modem signal. This is the main "honest" indicator of the level. Is measured on a logarithmic scale in dBm. Other parameters from tables such as RSCP, RSRQ, RSRP, CQI — are service. They usually correlate with RSSI, so they shouldn't be ignored. The second, not less important parameter, especially in dense areas – the ratio signal/noise. Denoted for 3G: ECIO (Ec/Io) or Ec/No; 4G: SINR (Signal to Interference / Noise Ratio) or CINR (Carrier to Interference / Noise Ratio). Is measured on a logarithmic scale in dB. Ec/Io is a measure of signal/noise, but very tricky. Compared to conventional SINR indicator (which is used in LTE) of Ec/Io deducted natural noise. Indicator Ec/Io = 0 dB is the level when in addition to natural thermal noise nothing. Any interference of artificial origin reduce Ec/Io. (from their own neighboring BS in the first place, this effect operators is called "cell respiration" - on the border between the cells preventing the signal level from another cell of the same operator becomes significant, and in spite of a strong total signal prevent set high speed) As Ec/Io, Eb/No, SINR, and so this is all adaptive indicators. Because the link can't work with poor Ec/Io (Eb/No), then the weak signal to improve Ec/Io of BS and the subscriber agree to lower the bandwidth: used less than RB (resource blocks) and a lower modulation scheme (QAM64 - QAM16 - QAM8 - QPSK - BPSK) Therefore, by itself, the Ec/Io does not show good signal or bad (in pulsometro this figure is NOT used). It shows the contribution of artificial noise (reflection, alien sector, industrial noise) Need to watch it paired with RSCP. RCSP of these 3 the most objective indicator is the amount of energy per 1 resource block (in LTE) or channel (in 3G) is the Received Signal Code Power (RSCP). RSCP that is used to parcometre. Also it is based on the RSCP telephone/modem decides which of the cells to connect.

,,,,,the user Ismail ask me...." Could you count the antenna of the threads http://www.lan23.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=12338------------ 2100 MHz 75 Ohm F connector under variant MIMO . For satellite dish 60 cm (short throw) with an angle of 70°..." ,,,,good, i'm trying to help him, with what I can .... !!! ,,,but let me try out an option with an extra directory first...

Triton_Mgn says,,, Good afternoon, give the antenna a good antenna for the 1800 MHz mimo Found 2 antennas on the forum: 1 - http://www.lan23.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=12671 But, unfortunately, not its size at the desired frequency, tell me who knows. 2 - http://www.lan23.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=10879 Could you tell me the thickness of the disc, can I use galvanized? In the drawing, the antenna of this size for the lower frequency 1747,5 pink color, and upper 1842,5 green. Why, then, in the drawing there are dimensions in blue? My answer is,, it can build a patches antenna instead of a disks, a horizontal patch antenna group (at one end of the frequency band) and the other group with vertical polarization (at the other end of the frequency band)

This yagi style printed circuit board antenna gives great performance from 2400 to 2450 MHz. This range is commonly used for wireless systems 802.11b/g, RFID systems, satellite dish antennas, dish feeds, and beacons. This can also be easily applied to other hobbyist applications in this range.

Try to bring them onto the same axis of symmetry...

BatWing.pdf

,,,I don't know why (maybe some bad-people) but my TOPIC with the Batwing antennas from about a month ago disappeared...!!! This means that either the link contains an error or the TOPIC has been deleted. I found a site that contains almost all my work with THIS antennas on my site.... https://mungfali.com/post/457F60B0FEC7269D6E56E536F7231BF8BABC8490 ,,,and I think I'll resume my simulations with all the Batwing antennas here...!!!! ,I also ask all users of this forum to contribute to the re-establishment of the post with Batwing antennas...!!! With thanks...!!!!

Main technical specifications 1. Frequency Range: 2400MHz 5G 5800mhz 2.VSWR:<= 1,5 3. Gain: 10 dBi (max.) 4. Vertical polarization 5. Maxlmum Input Power: 50W 6. Connector Type: RP-SMA plug/SMA plug 7. Length: 19.5 cm 8. It is widely used for wireless transmitter and wireless receiver. Such as AP, WLAN ,WIFI router, WIFI adapter. 9. Advantage: Nickel-plated has excellent quality in solubility, conductivity and stability in metal. 10. It has two colors, you choose black or white. Thanks.

,,,an older of My BatWing antenna simulation and geometry...

,,,another recovery after my website disappeared with Batwing antennas... https://mungfali.com/post/342A63F41CEBC2976EE4F309272DE4DBA221A7B4/AD2D7AB60606BAFC9913909FD501592B2182FE42

,,,an older idea of mine that was materialized but I can't find the images of this antenna anymore...

CST Studio Suite 2026 Electromagnetic Simulation Software Sharing https://www.mr-wu.cn/cst-studio-suite-2026-free-download/#google_vignette

Antennas are essential wherever wireless communication required. They are the indispensable link between the contained signal and the “ether”. CST provides a variety of tools for each stage of the antenna design flow to study and improve your design. Antennas are used in a vast variety of applications, and thus take come in a vast variety of form factors and radiation mechanisms. The range of simulation methods in CST MWS allows the engineer to choose the best technique for each application. The transient solver could be best for wideband or planar antennas, the frequency domain solver may be more suitable for electrically small antennas, while the integral equation solver can efficiently simulate electrically large or wire antennas. Antennas never operate in isolation, but are attached to a feed network. CST DESIGN STUDIO™ (CST DS) allows the hybrid co-simulation of the effect of an attached circuit on the antenna performance. Installation of an antenna in a device or on a platform makes its analysis even more complex. The System Assembly and Modelling framework in CST DS allows the user to set up coupled simulations which can combine different solvers automatically by making use of field sources. Finally, powerful automated post-processing allows you to extract every magnitude of interest for an antenna designer – nearfield plots, SAR, phase center, directivity or farfield gain for single antennas or arrays - and to process those data further for use in parameter sweeps or optimizations in order to improve the performance of your design. Few pictures started...

Does this suit you...??

,,,and another version of mine with the Batwing antenna...

,,,an older round-batwing antenna that is quite profitable....

Product detailed description SMA-male 11dB circular polarization antenna The 11dBi circularly polarized antenna is a High-gain circularly polarized directional antenna. It is suitable for low-altitude crossing and long-distance flying. In actual use, adjust the inclination angle of the panel antenna appropriately. In the state of flying with the head down, the antenna is perpendicular to the ground. Specifications: Frequency: 5.6G Gain: 11dBi Bandwidth: 5500-5800MHz Size: 82mm x 42mm x 24mm Package includes: 1x SMA-male 11dB circular polarization

Antenna BDM-2 is designed for outdoor use, although often applied in residential/non-residential premises. Experts recommend the use of antenna BDM-2, as a client equipment in all cases, build wireless networks of small and medium-range. The original of the antenna is with a 64mm diameter cylindrical vibrator

,,,yes,you can only do it with a single antenna with 3-7 elements...!!!

PS, MITICHE, I WOULD LIKE TO ASK YOU HOW DO YOU POST THE IMAGE ON THIS FORUM...???

It seems that this coaxial cable feeding position is optimal.... ,,,you just have to try and be careful the coaxial cable does not make contact with the ground...!!!